New and innovative methods are needed to control and contain the emerging threat of antibiotic resistance and protect people. The human microbiome is a promising research area for these efforts.
Infectious disease experts from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) recently edited a special issue Journal of Infectious Diseases (JID) Contains 16 review articles on innovative research on the human microbiome. The human microbiome is a naturally occurring microbial community inside and outside our body.This work represents ongoing participation and financial support CDC’s Antibiotic Resistance (AR) Solution Initiative Use the microbiome to find new ways to prevent antibiotic-resistant infections.
The journal supplement was released on June 15, 2021, highlighting the great prospects of the human microbiome in addressing public health challenges such as antibiotic resistance (AR), which is one of the biggest public health threats in modern times, with subject areas including sepsis , Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) And necrotizing enterocolitis, on the vagina, intestines and lung microbiota.The author emphasizes the innovation of microbiome research, which can protect people from infectious diseases and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, such as Microbiome index Measure the health of the patient’s microbiome, Target resistant microorganisms, with Living biological therapy.
CDC is committed to promoting microbiome science to promote public health. However, since the current microbiome research and discoveries are just the skin, we still have a lot to learn. In addition to CDC and NIH providing a large amount of funds for microbiome-related research, there is an urgent need for further clinical, translational and infection prevention research to go beyond understanding and implementing prevention and mitigation strategies in clinical and public health fields. Especially for public health, CDC Experts have seen microbiome-based solutions to restore gut health (where many opportunistic pathogens exist), predict the severity of disease, and the chance to reduce or cure infections.
Microbiome-based therapy is an opportunity to restore gut health without increasing antibiotic resistance.
The research in the supplementary material emphasizes the role of the gut microbiome in preventing the colonization of pathogenic microorganisms (when pathogens survive and multiply without causing infection) and are often resistant to drugs. Researchers discussed manipulation of the gut microbiome as an opportunity to treat expensive and preventable health care-related infections, This is difficult (hard (Parker and Theriot). In addition to pathogens, the gut microbiome can also accommodate various AR genes and plasmids.This Resistance gene pool It can be shared with other microorganisms in the intestine, but it is also expected to be used for future diagnosis and treatment. Examples of clinical applications of plasmids include outbreak tracking and metagenomic sequencing in personalized medicine, such as identifying drug-microbiome interactions to improve patient prognosis.Anthony et al.). The interaction between the microbial community and the human host can influence and promote the acuity and progression of disease. In “Microbiome data enhances the prediction model of lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis”, Zhao et al. The sputum microbiome data from 77 cystic fibrosis (CF) patients was used to examine the relationship between the microbial community in the lungs of the patients and their health outcomes.
The microbial community throughout the body affects the severity of the disease.
Unique microbiomes with different bacterial compositions are found throughout the body, from the intestines to vaginal To the skin. Microorganisms in the microbiome reflect physiology, environmental exposure, diet, immune system changes, antibiotic exposure, etc. In the question, Pettigrew et al. Discuss pneumonia as an ecological model of a disease. The disease “exists in the continuum of the abundance, diversity, and composition of the microbiota, with a series of corresponding immune states.” Although the unique and specialized human anatomy that accommodates the microbiome The location does not exist independently. For example, the intestines and oral cavity are potential sources of pathogens that affect the lungs and must be fully considered to develop prevention and treatment plans.Two studies (Miller et al.. with Thänert et al.) Explore the influence and role of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of two diseases characterized by systemic inflammation and variable sources of infection (sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis, respectively), and the possibility of using the microbiome to improve the prognosis of patients .
The microbiome is expected to alleviate or cure diseases.
In recent years, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has received more and more attention from the media and the public as a method to treat a variety of diseases. Geraldine et alSummarize how FMT can improve the outcome of C. difficile (and other) infections and prevent recurrence by decolonization. Hundreds of clinical trials involving FMT are underway, and many microbiome drugs are under development. The opportunity to change patient care and improve patient outcomes demonstrates the key nature of microbiome science.
The microbiome special issue showcases the depth and breadth of microbiome research, focusing on many potential ways to improve health outcomes. This supplement discusses the translation of basic sciences to improve our ability to prevent, diagnose, and treat antimicrobial resistance and other infections, but we still need to go beyond the correlation between disease and microbiome status to actually clarify the microbiome in The role of disease in pathogenic pathways. As the only compilation of cutting-edge human microbiome research focused on antibiotic resistance and infectious diseases so far, this supplement is a unique outline and authoritative source of microbiome innovation.
Many of the researchers’ work in this supplement has previously been funded by CDC’s AR Solutions Program.Learn more about CDC Innovative projects to combat antibiotic resistance.
Melia Hale, miles per hour, International chess, He is a public health consultant in the Department of Health Care Quality Promotion of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases.
Dr. Alison Laufer Halpin He is the deputy director of the Scientific Innovation and Integration Office of the Clinical and Environmental Microbiology Division of the Medical Quality Promotion Department of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases. Halpin is also the commander of the U.S. Public Health Service.
Clifford McDonald, Medical PhD, Is the Deputy Director of Science and Integrity of the Medical Quality Promotion Department of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases.
Dr Chris Elkins, The head of the Clinical and Environmental Microbiology Branch of the Medical Quality Promotion Division of the National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases.
