Kindness and This is These two little particles, despite being key elements of the Italian language, often appear obscure and confusing even to those who are no longer beginners. Not only do these particles have multiple meanings, but they can also be placed in different places in the same sentence and even change their shape (slightly).
I think the best way is to crack Character and This is That is to examine them individually in a schematic way and to use simple examples to recreate everyday situations.In this article you will find a map that you can refer to every time you visit Character or a ne It seems to be heading in an unknown or unexpected direction.
CI
1. Ci as a personal pronoun
Kindness Can have the following meanings usfirst person plural pronoun, it can be (A) direct pronoun, (two) indirect pronouns, and (C) Reflexive pronouns are placed before the verb. Actually, Character Cannot occur alone after a verb, although it can be attached to a verb in infinitive or imperative form, as shown in the examples below. Please read the passage carefully.
1. a) Ci as a direct pronoun → us
We’d better park in front of the station or Marco won’t Character Check.
We’d better park in front of the station, otherwise Marco won’t be seen us.
they said Character They can call later.
They said they could call us after.
This is an equivalent version of the second example Character appended to the infinitive verb call:
They said they could callCharacter after.
1. b) Ci as an indirect pronoun → to us
In this case the meaning is Character Also includes prepositions. However, in some cases, a preposition may not be needed in the English translation of the following examples.
Kindness If you want, you can give your opinion.
you can tell us Your opinion if you wish.
(Literally: ‘You can tell us‘)
alternative version Character appended to the infinitive verb scary:
you can sayCharacter your opinion, if you like.
Alternative version where the indirect pronoun is placed after the verb but not attached to it:
you can say and ask Your opinion, if you will.
Reformulate this example using the imperative form scary:
dickCharacter your opinion!
Tell us your opinion!
An alternative version of the imperative, where the indirect pronoun is placed after the verb but is not appended to it:
from’ and ask your opinion!
in this case Character Cannot be placed before a verb:
Tell us your opinion.
1. c) Ci is a reflexive pronoun
Italian reflexive verbs must be combined with an appropriate reflexive pronoun.As you can see in the verb examples below wake up / get up, Character It is used for the first person plural.
I woke up – I woke up
you wake up – you wake up
he/she wakes up – He/she wakes up
us Character let us wake up – we wake up
you wake up – You (all) wake up
They woke up. – They woke up
Speaking of reflexive verbs, I also have to say Character Need to develop impersonal forms of reflexive verbs to avoid duplication of impersonal pronouns and.
Let’s look at an example of impersonal use of non-reflexive and reflexive verbs to understand the situation better.
Impersonal forms of non-reflexive verbs: view /’Check‘
You can see far away from Giotto’s Campanile.
You can see far away from Giotto’s bell tower.
Impersonal form of reflexive verb: vedersi / ‘see each other‘
Hi Gianni, how are you?Haven’t seen each other for a while.
Hi Gianni, how are you?we haven’t seen each other for a while.
2. Ci means “here or there”
Kindness It is also possible to indicate a place, whether near or far, to avoid mentioning or repeating the location name implicit in the conversation.
I love Sicily and go there every year.
I love Sicily and go there every year.
Have you been to the gym this week?I Character I’ll go later.
Have you hit the gym this week?I’ll go there later.
Kindness Do you come often?
Do you come here often?
3. there → there = have | Yes = have
Close to the meaning discussed in the previous paragraph, Character Can be combined with verbs become / becomethus becoming over there / present. You need this verb to express the actual presence of a person or thing.
Below you can see the Italian tenses Gift, imperfect and present perfect tense of over therebut of course it can also be conjugated in all other tenses.
I’m here – Candle – I have been there
you are here – you there – have you been there
she/he is there – have – have
we are here – we’ve been there – we’ve been there
you there – you there – have you been there
they are there – they are there – Had
Some examples:
C“There’s still tea, do you want to finish it?”
There There’s still some tea left. Do you want to finish it?
at party C“Almost all of them are my friends.
Most of my friends are (exhibit) at party.
4. Pronoun verbs and CI
as it happens over therepronoun Character Can be added after some other verbs. However, this affects their original meaning.
Require = necessary (also related to time), needed
Require = necessary (also related to time), needed
birthday party this is needed a piece of cake.
for your birthday party need a piece of cake.
they want us Two hours flight to London.
it need Two hours flight to London.
put = place
put on = spend time doing something; put in, insert
Kindness It only took me two hours to make this cake.
it is just take It took me two hours to make this cake.
Kindness Do you put a lot of butter?
you put lots of butter inside?
stare = stay
old man = to enter, to be frustrated (for something), to allow
Is it okay if we pay half? Yes, I’m in!
Is it okay if we pay half the price? Yes, I’m down!
5. CI and verbs using A, SU or IN
Some verbs require prepositions to complete the message we want to convey. Below you can find four of them as examples:
1. considering → I often think of that wonderful holiday
I often think of that wonderful holiday.
2. try → Have you tried calling him?
Have you tried calling him?
3. believe → We don’t believe in these things
We don’t believe in these things
4. Count on → i rely on your help
i rely on your help
Then, the entire sentence after the verb, including the preposition, can be replaced by Character If what we mean is already implicit (or clear from the context):
1. Kindness I often think
i often think about it
2. Kindness Have you tried it?
have you tried [doing it]?
3. we don’t believe
we don’t believe (among them)
4. we count on it
we count on top
6. CI can be like this!
The last thing I want to say is Character can become CE, does not change the meaning and functionality discussed above.we speak and write CE when Character Another pronoun follows.
Kindness Do you add salt? → what You put?
Do you put salt in it? → Did you put it there?
It’s a nice house, but it’s not That we can allow
The house is beautiful but we can’t afford it
Do you have a ticket?no this‘Oh, I forgot!
Did you bring your ticket? I didn’t, I forgot!
No
Another little word that has multiple meanings but can be very confusing is pronouns This is.However, I think it would be better than Character to summarize.
1. NE as “part of something”
This pronoun can refer to quantity and quantity like this Some and any Do it in English.
Do you want some chips? = Yes you want?
Do you want some chips? = Do you want it? Some?
No This is I want it, thank you
I do not want anyThanks
2. NE = it/theirs, about it/theirs
Yes Also often associated with “its/their‘,’about it/them‘.Therefore, we can easily find it near verbs and adjectives followed by prepositions of.
Marco always talks about football = Marco This is always talking
Marco always talks about football = Marco always talks about about it
Are you sure about this?no no This is I’m very sure
are you sure? No, I’m not sure (in)
You get great results but don’t This is you look happy
You got good results, but you don’t look too happy (about it)
3. Ne = from it/them
Similar to the previous point, This is There are also’from it/them‘. However, I’d say this function is less common and belongs to a more formal scratchpad.
plant derived nourishment from the earth = plant This is they get nutrients
Plants get nutrients from soil = plants get nutrients from
Good results for Luca From this new method =Luca This is achieved good results
Good results for Luca From this new method = Luke got good grades. from
4. Ne means “leave”
Yes often used with verbs go / go, Add means ‘from here’ or ‘leave‘ to it.
That’s enough, I’m leaving!
That’s enough, I’m leaving!
Literally: That’s enough, I’ll go right away far from here!
We left after the music stopped
We left after the music ended
literally: After the music ended, we left there
5. Other pronoun verbs and expressions
There are other expressions and pronoun verbs, with This isgaining new meaning based on the above points.
No This is I can do more! = I can’t bear it anymore [of it]!
Yes I’ve had enough! = I’m done [of it]!
scrubThis is / Do not careThis is = not give a damn about [about it]
6. The location of NE
Similar to what we saw Character, This is Before a conjugated verb (1), but can be associated with the verb if it is in an infinitive (2) or an imperative (3).
If I say:
There are some candies on the table…
There are candies on the table…
I can complete this sentence in three possible ways:
(1) Yes I want one, okay? I want one (in), I can?
(2) can i arrestThis is A? Can I get a copy(in)?
(3) you takeThis is How much do you want! Take as much as you want (in)!
***
Are CI and NE together?
Yes, it can definitely be used Character and This is in the same sentence.We just need to remember this Character before another pronoun becomes CE (Look above: 6. CI can be like this!).
of course not This is not We have been forgotten!
Of course, we have not forgotten about it!
I want two tickets This is not I still?
I want two tickets Do you have left?
Written by Nico Curini, certified Italian teacher since 2016, working online since 2019. URL: ditelab.blogspot.com | Social media: Instagram – Facebook – Twitter
Ethics statement: Below you will find affiliate links. If you purchase an item after clicking the link, we will receive a small commission. To learn more about our ethics, you can visit our full disclosure page. Thank you!
Are you interested in improving your Italian in a fun and stress-free way?Then we highly recommend Italian short stories by Serena Capelli(affiliate link), designed for beginners, advanced beginners, and lower-intermediate learners (A1-B1 CEFR). These stories are optimized for English speakers looking for a fun, leisurely learning experience!Read our full review here.
